For Higher Pay Raise the Prerequisites

In his column urging higher wages for teachers Nicholas Kristof produces virtually every specious argument about which I’ve complained for some time in one compact paragraph:

In 1970, in New York City, a newly minted teacher at a public school earned about $2,000 less in salary than a starting lawyer at a prominent law firm. These days the lawyer takes home, including bonus, $115,000 more than the teacher, the McKinsey study found.

There are so many problems with this line of reasoning it’s hard to know where to begin. Let’s just blurt some of them out:

  • The statutory school year in New York is 180 day compared with a conventional work year of 250 days.
  • An associate at a big law firm is routinely expected to bill at least 200 hours a month.
  • Most starting teachers are bachelors in education in only; nearly all lawyers nowadays have received three years of education after their undergraduate degrees and many have JDs.
  • Law schools are harder to get into than undergraduate ed schools.
  • $2,000 in 1970 was a lot more than it is now (not $100,000 more, admittedly, but a lot more nonetheless).
  • Not all lawyers go to work for “prominent law firms” but the majority of all teachers work in the public schools

Additionally, as I’ve pointed out before, incomes in the practice of law are in a bimodal distribution; that is not the case in education. That means that talking about averages or medians is largely meaningless. The lawyers in the upper distribution of income earners are predominantly graduates of one of the top 15 law schools, a highly select group, many of them serving the financial industry. Which could explain high starting attorney incomes in New York.

However, despite their meaninglessness if you insist we can talk about median incomes. Although I can’t speak authoritatively on the situation in New York the median wage for a lawyer in Chicago is around $80,000. Not for a starting lawyer. For all lawyers. The starting wage for a new teacher in Chicago with bachelors only for a nine month position is $45,000.

Also, why single out lawyers? Since 1970 the median incomes of all professionals including engineers, lawyers, dentists, and physicians were tightly clustered. Starting in about 1970 the median incomes of physicians grew at a substantially faster rate than did those of other professionals. And the incomes of physicians don’t exhibit the bimodal distribution that the incomes of lawyers do. My guess is that the income of lawyers working for large law firms in New York due to the peculiar and idiosyncratic conditions in New York assist Mr. Kristof’s case in a way that the incomes of other professionals would not.

I also think that it bears mentioning that, since public school teachers are heavily unionized and unions tend to insist on seniority as the basis for pay, increasing teachers’ wages necessarily means increasing the wages of the teachers already employed more than it would attracting new, presumably more qualified teachers to the profession. Also, in Chicago the number of students enrolled has decreased by 10% over the last decade. That doesn’t sound like the conditions that would encourage the hiring of significant numbers of new teachers.

In some jurisidictions the issues are even thornier. So, for example, in California for several years requirements for educational training were reduced or even waived for graduates with degrees in interest studies, another area with notoriously hazy academic standards.

There would be a better argument for raising teacher pay if teaching weren’t viewed as an entry level job with entry level wages. Note that I’m not arguing that it should be merely that it is.

I believe that there are serious issues involving teacher qualifications incentives, and compensation and I’ll try to discuss some of them in a later post. However, I don’t believe that founding such a discussion on specious claims, spurious comparisons, and unlikely outcomes advances the conversation.

As a postscript I want to confess that columns like Mr. Kristof’s brings out my inner technocrat. I am a person of contradictions. In a real technocracy a lawyer (like Mr. Kristof) wouldn’t be allowed to cite statistics without having his claims reviewed by an actuary.

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Foreign Policy Blogging at OTB

I’ve just published a foreign policy-related post at Outside the Beltway:

Clark Opposes Libyan No-Fly Zone

In a sort of rebuttal to John Kerry’s argument yesterday Gen. Wesley Clark argues that imposing a Libyan no-fly zone does not meet the standards for U. S. military intervention. I agree.

I think there are some practical problems with his attempt in this op-ed to conjoin the success of a mission with its meeting the standards he sets out. The success or failure of some of the actions he lists remains in doubt. Was Iraq successful? Was the intervention in Bosnia? Kosovo? If you define the objectives narrowly enough, e.g. “removing Saddam Hussein”, the answer is clearly yes. However, if a broader definition, e.g. producing a politically stable aftermath, is applied you can’t know until after troops have been withdrawn, whether in Kosovo or Iraq.

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The Council Has Spoken!

The Watcher’s Council has announced its winners for last week. First place in the Council category was Joshuapundit’s Eyes Wide Shut – Dealing With ‘Anti-Zionism’ On Campus.

First place in the non-Council category was Iowahawk’s with Longhorns 17, Badgers 1, a telling critique of one of Paul Krugman’s columns, which I nominated.

You can see the full results here.

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Foreign Policy Blogging at OTB

I’ve just published a couple of foreign policy-related posts at Outside the Beltway:

Evacuations Ordered in Hawaii

Not really a foreign policy story but an international one. The tsunami produced by the massive earthquake that struck Japan last night is making its way across the Pacific. If the energy models are correct the brunt of the force will miss the mainland U. S. but Chile may be in for some rough times.

Kerry Supports Libyan No-Fly Zone

John Kerry has an op-ed in the Washington Post supporting the U. S. take a leadership position in establishing a no-fly zone in Libya. I continue to be skeptical of such a move. The EU’s are stakeholders in Libya to a much greater degree than are we. Shouldn’t they be growing a pair and taking on more responsibility?

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Conversion Plan

I’m finally confident enough in it that I’m thinking seriously of upgrading the workstation I use most frequently from Windows XP to Windows 7. Yes, yes, I know. Most of the software I use won’t run under Linux or Macs and there either are no alternatives or the alternatives aren’t ready for prime time.

Here’s what I plan to do:

  • Remove unused programs.
  • Apply all minor upgrades to the programs I’m using.
  • Wait about a week to resolve any problems doing that may induce.
  • Identify and replace unsupported hardware.
  • Download drivers for supported hardware.
  • Clone my hard drive.
  • Upgrade from XP to Vista.
  • Upgrade from Vista to Windows 7.
  • Install device drivers.
  • Work out the kinks.

Thoughts?

I wouldn’t be at all surprised if some of the programs I use on a regular basis will either need to have new major revisions installed or substitutes identified.

You may ask why go through all of this hassle? Why not just do as Microsoft suggests, do a clean install, and re-install all of the software? I’ve calculated that is likely to cost me something in the low five figures—basically, weeks of work. Finding the installation media or hundreds of meg in downloads. Finding the licenses. Replacing the things I can’t find or download. Doing the installations. A quick software inventory identified 15 or 20 programs with original costs ranging from $100 to over a $1,000. If that’s the only alternative it’s not worth it.

If I could I’d install a new motherboard while I’m at it but Microsoft typically doesn’t like that and it would add another layer of complexity to the process.

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Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth Is

Tyler Durden is reporting that PIMCO, the world’s largest bond fund, has taken its holdings of bonds to zero. It’s now holding cash. If this, indeed, proves to be the case it would suggest several things. First, that Bill Gross, PIMCO CEO, doesn’t believe that the Fed will enter into a third phase of quantitative easing (i. e. buying Treasuries) despite the Dance of the Seven Veils that Ben Bernanke and various board presidents have been doing on the subject for the last couple of weeks.

Second, he must believe that when QE2 ends in June it will suck the life out of bonds and equities. That’s a pretty good supposition. Remember the graph I pointed to the other day?

Third, he must not believe that hyperinflation will occur in the near term. It would be very bad to be holding cash if that were the case.

Sounds like practically everything is very, very uncertain right about now.

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Common Mistakes Left and Right

Tyler Cowen has published a pair of posts on the common mistakes of left-wing economists and right-wing economists. A sample mistake he attributes to left-wing economists:

A willingness to think that one has “done one’s best” in the realm of policy, and to blame subsequent policy failures on Republican implementation, rather than admitting that a policy which cannot be implemented by both political parties is perhaps not a good policy in the first place.

and one he attributes to right-wing economists:

I’m all for Health Savings Accounts, but unless done on a Singaporean scale, and with lots of forced savings, they’re not a health care plan to significantly benefit most Americans. There is less of a coherent health care plan, coming from this side, than one might like to think.

To the list I’d add something I think is a common mistake of economists, generally: commenting on various industries in ignorance of their structure. Too frequently this results of prescriptions that in theory are right but in practice are either wrong or unreachable. In that sense we live in a Bayesian world rather than one of the sort envisioned by the classical economists. The universe of choices at hand is limited by prior choices.

Update

Arnold Kling adds his own parallel observations of the ideological blinders of left-wing and right-wing economists in a terse, unexcerptable post.

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Business/Economics Post of the Day

If you only read one business or economics post today, make it Simon Johnson’s summary of his testimony submitted to the Congressional Oversight Panel on TARP.

Here’s my question. If the only alternatives we have are an unhealthy financial system on the one hand and the promise of bailouts on the other, which should we choose? IMO this is another case like the situations in education, healthcare, and government in which minor tweaking around the edges doesn’t get the job done.

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What’s “Elite”?

While I’m on the subject of patricians and plebeians I wonder how long it will take before egalitarians realize that the Harvard and Yale admissions departments are “public accommodations” as surely as men-only and white-only clubs were forty years ago? My guess is never since so many of these egalitarians (particularly in high positions) are Harvard and Yale graduates.

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Brave New World

In comments there’s a discussion going on of the possibility of American society being bifurcated into one of patricians and plebeians. As suggested in my previous post I don’t think that’s inevitable but what concerns me is that I believe that for some people that’s the preferred outcome. I can’t help but wonder if the business, political, and other leaders of today, people in their 60s, 70s, and 80s and, in many cases, the children of farmers, factory workers, and pushcart vendors realize that their choices are making our society increasingly hostile to the grandchildren of farmers, factory workers, and pushcart vendors?

This seems to me part and parcel of the “I’ll be gone; you’ll be gone” mentality. Decisions have consequences and those consequences may ripple outwards for decades or even centuries.

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